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Vyhodnocení růstové intenzity jalovic na jejich reprodukční a užitkové vlastnosti
Voldánová, Eliška
The main aim of this diploma thesis was to evaluate effects of holstein heifers growth factors and their subsequent reproduction and milk production. The heifers were rear in the same conditions and also their subsequet reproduction and milk production took place in the same stable. No significant (p> 0,05) differences in the weight of heifers weighed a tage of 225, 335, 445 and 580 days were demonstrated for heifers after the sires of the line NXB and for heifers after the sires of the line NEO. Similary, there was no evidence (p> 0,05) of the influence of the order of mother´s lactation on the growth ability of the heifers. From the reproductive indicators of the heifers, the age of embed, the age of calving and the insemination index were monitored. The heifers were most often embed at the age of 13 months. The best age if calving was from the age of 22 to 23 months. Significantly (p <0,05), the best insemination index was found out in heifers from mothers on the 4th and higher lactation (1,17). The best insemination index was shown on the group of heifers which weighed during their time of embed between 400 to 440 kg. The milk production was better after the sires of the line NXB (10556 kg). In terms of grouping by maternal lactation, the best performance was held by heifers after the mother on the 2nd lactation. The content of fat was the similar (about 4 %) in all groups of heifers. The content of protein was similar for all groups of heifers (3,36 %). The best milk production was achieved by heifers calved at the age of 23–24 months. This group had the highest content of fat and proteins. The most favorable milk yield was shown in heifers weighing between 400 to 440 kg at the time of embeding. This group also had the highest fat content, but conversely the lowest protein content.
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Faktory ovlivňující trvání gravidity u skotu
Janštová, Veronika
Bachelor thesis is concentrated on analysis of factors affecting gestation length in dairy cattle of Holstein Friesian breed. Gestation length was considerably influenced by the year and month of conception, sex of calves and parity. Gestation length was also affected the birth of single and twins, as well as by alive and dead calves. In conclusion, gestation length in cows is affected by a number of factors, but they have not all been completely clarified. The knowledge of these factors is very important for the correct determination of the onset of parturition.
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Problematika výživy jalovic
RUHSAMOVÁ, Kristýna
The thesis gives an overview of the nutrition of calves and heifers. The thesis is focused mostly on the dairy breeds of cattle and contains recommendations about the correct technology of rearing of calves and heifers, composition of rations, feeding in individual periods with regard to the anatomical-morphological structure of the individual organs of an individual which changes with age. The last chapter is made up of the problematic of health. Heifers are a category of cattle from 6 months to calving. It therefore follows the plant nutrition of calves and is exclusively based on plant feeds. Suitable feed ration in necessary for good health which is a prerequisite for high production of good-quality product and ensuring longevity of dairy cows. The basic requirement for feed ration is to match the growth intensity set by the breeding goal. The correct rearing of heifers is an important factor for high production and correct reproduction.
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Využití krmných aditiv ve výživě jalovic
DVOŘÁK, Adam
Feed additives are a commodity that has been increasingly talked about in recent years. These substances have a number of positive properties and potential for improving digestion and animal health. They increase the quality and quantity of feed received. These products can also be included in the feed ration of heifers. The aim of the bachelor's thesis is to develop a literary study dealing with the nutrition of heifers with a focus on the use of feed additives in the feed ration.
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Faktory ovlivňující délku březosti u skotu
Vintrlíková, Daniela
This bachelor thesis focused on the analysis of factors which influence the duration of pregnancy in dairy and dualpurpose cattle. In particular, the thesis monitored Holstein milk cattle and the dualpurpose breed of Montbeliard cattle. Pregnancy duration was influenced by the year and month of the birth. In addition, the sex of the calves, the birth of twins, stillbirths and parity of breeds were among the important influencing factors. The results show that the length of pregnancy in these breeds is affected by a number of factors, and many of these have not yet been established. However, knowledge of these is very important in anticipating the onset of labour and birth.
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Genetické a environmentální faktory ovlivňující délku březosti u mléčného skotu s vysokou užitkovostí
Trávníčková, Ivona
The diploma thesis focused on the analysis of selected factors affecting the length of gestation period of cows. The observation was performed on 6 836 individuals. Results showed that duration of pregnancy was influenced by parity, sex of born calves and interaction between month of conception and parity. Duration of pregnancy was also influenced by month and year of born calves and sex of singletons and twins. Likewise, the duration of pregnancy was influenced by interaction between the month of conception of cows and the sex of singletons, alive and stillborn calves and parity. In conclusion, the results suggest that the duration of gravidity is affected by many factors which have not been fully clarified yet.
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Vliv intenzity odchovu jalovic na jejich užitkovost na první laktaci
Karbanová, Zdeňka
From April 2012 to August 2016, 78 heifers (Holstein and Czech Fleckvieh) were observed with the aim to assess 1) the influence of the intensity of breeding heifers and the influence of the season of birth on the yield during first lactation, 2) selected reproduction indicators. The intensity of breeding has been evaluated through the liveweight gain of heifers weighing 117 kg, 186 kg, 309 kg and 483 kg (their overall average liveweight was 301 kg). There was no evidence of any negative impact of relatively high daily liveweight gains (reaching to 1 kg) neither on milk yield nor on selected reproduction indicators. On the contrary, among the observed first calvers, excellent yield has been achieved, reaching to 6023 kg of milk for 1 piece of cattle during the lactation period. The yield in the first 100 days reached 2282 kg, while the average lactation period was 278 days. Excellent levels of reproduction parameters were gained insemination interval of 56 days, service of period 73 days and interim 357 days. A positive influence of higher intensity of growth on the examined production as well as reproduction parameters has been detected, especially at the early age of heifers (117 and 186 kg). The season of birth clearly impacted only the liveweight at birth reaching its top in Autumn (38 kg) and its low in Spring (33 kg). The season of birth did not influence the remaining examined parameters of milk yield and reproduction.
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Biologické a ekonomické aspekty délky březosti mléčného skotu
Janštová, Veronika
Thesis is concentrated on analysis of the various factors that affect gestation length of Holstein breed. There were also analyzed the economic aspects of gestation length in the dairy cattle. Gestation length was considerably influenced by the month of conception, sex of calves, birth of twins and parity. A significant effect was also recorded for alive and dead calves. The results show that the gestation length in cows is influenced by a number of factors which need attention.
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